Bands
Landsat Next will collect 26 spectral bands. Each Landsat Next Instrument Suite (LandIS) will acquire refined versions of the 11 Landsat “heritage” bands. It will introduce five bands with similar spatial and spectral characteristics as Sentinel-2 data to support data synergy. An additional 10 bands will support data user needs and emerging applications.
Landsat Next will also collect all spectral bands at improved spatial resolutions, with ground sample distances (GSD) of 10 to 20 meters for VSWIR (visible to shortwave infrared) bands and 60 meters for atmospheric VSWIR and TIR (thermal infrared) bands.
| Band Name | Ground Sample Distance (m) | Center wavelength (nm) | Band width (nm) | Rationale | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Violet | 60 | 412 | 20 | Improved aerosol retrieval; CDOM from inland/coastal water |
| 2 | Coastal/Aerosol | 20 | 443 | 20 | Landsat heritage |
| 3 | Blue | 10 | 490 | 65 | Landsat heritage |
| 4 | Green | 10 | 560 | 35 | Landsat heritage |
| 5 | Yellow | 20 | 600 | 30 | Leaf chlorosis, vegetation stress and mapping |
| 6 | Orange | 20 | 620 | 20 | Phycocyanin detection for Harmful Algal Blooms |
| 7 | Red 1 | 20 | 650 | 20 | Phycocyanin, chlorophyll |
| 8 | Red 2 | 10 | 665 | 30 | Landsat heritage |
| 9 | Red Edge 1 | 20 | 705 | 15 | LAI, Chlorophyll, plant stress (Sentinel-2) |
| 10 | Red Edge 2 | 20 | 740 | 15 | LAI, Chlorophyll, plant stress (Sentinel-2) |
| 11 | NIR Broad | 10 | 842 | 115 | 10m NDVI (Sentinel-2) |
| 12 | NIR 1 | 20 | 865 | 20 | ~Landsat heritage/continuity (note: Sentinel-2 narrower than Landsat 8 and 9) |
| 13 | Water vapor | 60 | 945 | 20 | Improved atmospheric correction for Land Surface Temperature, Surface Reflectance (Sentinel-2) |
| 14 | Liquid Water | 20 | 985 | 20 | Liquid water, water surface state |
| 15 | Snow/Ice 1 | 20 | 1035 | 20 | Snow grain size for water resources |
| 16 | Snow/Ice 2 | 20 | 1090 | 20 | Ice absorption, snow grain size |
| 17 | Cirrus | 60 | 1375 | 30 | Landsat heritage |
| 18 | SWIR 1 | 10 | 1610 | 90 | Landsat heritage |
| 19 | SWIR 2a | 20 | 2038 | 25 | Subdivided for cellulose/crop residue measurement (~Landsat heritage) |
| 20 | SWIR 2b | 20 | 2108 | 40 | Subdivided for cellulose/crop residue measurement (~Landsat heritage) |
| 21 | SWIR 2c | 20 | 2211 | 40 | Subdivided for cellulose/crop residue measurement (~Landsat heritage) |
| 22 | TIR 1 | 60 | 8300 | 250 | Mineral and surface composition mapping (ASTER) |
| 23 | TIR 2 | 60 | 8600 | 350 | Emissivity separation, volcanos (SO2) (MODIS/ASTER) |
| 24 | TIR 3 | 60 | 9100 | 350 | Mineral and surface composition mapping (ASTER) |
| 25 | TIR 4 | 60 | 11300 | 550 | Surface temperature (Landsat heritage), carbonates |
| 26 | TIR 5 | 60 | 12000 | 550 | Surface temperature, snow grain size (Landsat heritage) |
| Band Name | Ground Sample Distance (m) | Center wavelength (nm) | Band width (nm) | Rationale | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Violet | 60 | 412 | 20 | Improved aerosol retrieval; CDOM from inland/coastal water |
| 2 | Coastal/Aerosol | 20 | 443 | 20 | Landsat heritage |
| 3 | Blue | 10 | 490 | 65 | Landsat heritage |
| 4 | Green | 10 | 560 | 35 | Landsat heritage |
| 5 | Yellow | 20 | 600 | 30 | Leaf chlorosis, vegetation stress and mapping |
| 6 | Orange | 20 | 620 | 20 | Phycocyanin detection for Harmful Algal Blooms |
| 7 | Red 1 | 20 | 650 | 20 | Phycocyanin, chlorophyll |
| 8 | Red 2 | 10 | 665 | 30 | Landsat heritage |
| 9 | Red Edge 1 | 20 | 705 | 15 | LAI, Chlorophyll, plant stress (Sentinel-2) |
| 10 | Red Edge 2 | 20 | 740 | 15 | LAI, Chlorophyll, plant stress (Sentinel-2) |
| 11 | NIR Broad | 10 | 842 | 115 | 10m NDVI (Sentinel-2) |
| 12 | NIR 1 | 20 | 865 | 20 | ~Landsat heritage/continuity (note: Sentinel-2 narrower than Landsat 8 and 9) |
| 13 | Water vapor | 60 | 945 | 20 | Improved atmospheric correction for Land Surface Temperature, Surface Reflectance (Sentinel-2) |
| 14 | Liquid Water | 20 | 985 | 20 | Liquid water, water surface state |
| 15 | Snow/Ice 1 | 20 | 1035 | 20 | Snow grain size for water resources |
| 16 | Snow/Ice 2 | 20 | 1090 | 20 | Ice absorption, snow grain size |
| 17 | Cirrus | 60 | 1375 | 30 | Landsat heritage |
| 18 | SWIR 1 | 10 | 1610 | 90 | Landsat heritage |
| 19 | SWIR 2a | 20 | 2038 | 25 | Subdivided for cellulose/crop residue measurement (~Landsat heritage) |
| 20 | SWIR 2b | 20 | 2108 | 40 | Subdivided for cellulose/crop residue measurement (~Landsat heritage) |
| 21 | SWIR 2c | 20 | 2211 | 40 | Subdivided for cellulose/crop residue measurement (~Landsat heritage) |
| 22 | TIR 1 | 60 | 8300 | 250 | Mineral and surface composition mapping (ASTER) |
| 23 | TIR 2 | 60 | 8600 | 350 | Emissivity separation, volcanos (SO2) (MODIS/ASTER) |
| 24 | TIR 3 | 60 | 9100 | 350 | Mineral and surface composition mapping (ASTER) |
| 25 | TIR 4 | 60 | 11300 | 550 | Surface temperature (Landsat heritage), carbonates |
| 26 | TIR 5 | 60 | 12000 | 550 | Surface temperature, snow grain size (Landsat heritage) |
